Anti-PTEN Tumor Suppressor Protein (MMAC1, Phosphatase and Tensin, TEP1)

PTEN (also know as MMAC1) was recently identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene. Deletions or mutations within the PTEN gene have been observed in a variety of tumor cell lines and cancer cell types. Based on PTEN's structural features, the protein was originally thought to be a protein tyrosine phosphatase. However, recent evidence indicates that PTEN is actually a lipid phosphatase rather that a protein tyrosine phosphatase. In fact, the target substrate for PTEN is phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (Ptd-Ins(3,4,5)P3). Ptd-Ins(3,4,5)P3 is a critical second messenger involved in cell signaling and growth control. Ptd-Ins(3,4,5)P3 is produced by phosphorylation of Ptd-Ins(4,5)P2 by PI 3-kinase in response to stimulation by various ligands. By dephosphorylating Ptd-Ins(3,4,5)P3, PTEN functions to "turn off" the Ptd-Ins(3,4,5)P3 pathway and thereby suppress cellular proliferation. Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: ELISA: 0.1-1.0ug/ml, Western Blot: 1-3ug/ml, , Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Freeze at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.