Peptides

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester (LLME) is a lysosomal condensation product that has been reported to be cytotoxic towards natural killer cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes without affecting helper T cells and B cells. It has also been shown to induce death of monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and myeloid...

Malformin C is a natural fungus-derived bicyclic pentapeptide that has antibacterial properties, particularly against species of Bacillus. Malformin C potently blocks the ability of bleomycin (Cay-13877) to induce G2 arrest in human T-cell leukemia-derived Jurkat cells (IC50 = 0.9 nM). It less potently abrogates...

alpha-Bungarotoxin is a snake venom-derived toxin that irreversibly binds nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (Ki = ~2.5 µM in rat) present in skeletal muscle, blocking action of acetylcholine at the postsynaptic membrane and leading to paralysis. It has been widely used to characterize activity at the neuromuscular...

An inhibitor of acid proteases isolated from streptomyces. It has been shown to induce contractile effects on rat aorta rings.

A reversible inhibitor of IL-1 converting enzyme (ICE), inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage by apopain (caspase 3).

A colorimetric substrate for caspase 3, a protease that is rapidly activated when cells are exposed to apoptotic conditions and that cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.

A fluorogenic substrate for caspase 3. The 7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin derivatives have better membrane permeability than the 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin derivatives.

A fluorogenic caspase-8/granzyme B substrate containing the acetyl (Ac) moiety.

Cleavage of R110 peptides by caspases generates strongly fluorescent R110 that can be monitored fluorimetrically at 510-530 nm with excitation of 488 nm.This R110 substrate is specific for caspases 3 and 7.

(BOC-VPR)2R110 is a sentive fluorogenic substrate for alpha-thrombin. The non-fluorescent substrate generates a bright green fluorescent R110 product that has Ex/Em = 495/520 nm, and can be easily detected with the FITC filter set. This substrate has also been used for the rapid detection of MRSA...

The non-fluorescent R110 substrates generate the bright green fluorescent rhodamine 110 product that has Ex/Em = 494/521 nm, and can be easily detected with a FITC filter set. In general, R110 substrates are much more sensitive than the AMC-, AFC- or 4-nitroaniline-based substrates. This R110 substrate is used for...