Peptides

A fluorogenic caspase-8/granzyme B substrate containing the acetyl (Ac) moiety.

Solid lyophilized powder. Soluble in water. Mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP), Promotes biosynthesis of the endogenous AMP analog AICAR and consequently AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Induces cellular and systemic glucose uptake and improves insulin sensitivity. Shown to prevent diet-induced obesity (DIO) in...

Z-AEVD-FMK is an irreversible inhibitor of caspase-10 and related caspases. At 10 µM, it can prevent the initiation of Fas signaling by caspase-10 in Jurkat T lymphoma cells, preventing Bid cleavage into its active form, caspase cascade activation, and apoptosis.

Ac-LETD-AFC is a fluorogenic substrate that can be cleaved specifically by caspase-8. Caspase activity can be quantified by fluorescent detection of free AFC (also known as 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin), which is excited at 400 nm and emits at 505 nm.

Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) is a serine peptidase of the subtilisin-type which removes tripeptides from the free NH2 terminus of oligopeptides. AAF-CMK is an irreversible inhibitor of TPPII commonly used at 10-100 µM. It does not significantly interfere with the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome....

Iberiotoxin, a peptide purified from venom of the scorpion B. tamulus, is a selective blocker of large-conductance calcium ion-activated potassium ion channels (BKCa). In single channel recordings, iberiotoxin can reversibly block outward currents mediated by BKCa in excised membrane patches from bovine aortic...

alpha-Bungarotoxin is a snake venom-derived toxin that irreversibly binds nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (Ki = ~2.5 µM in rat) present in skeletal muscle, blocking action of acetylcholine at the postsynaptic membrane and leading to paralysis. It has been widely used to characterize activity at the neuromuscular...

Abz-Ala-Pro-Glu-Glu-Ile-Met-Arg-Arg-Gln-EDDnp is a fluorescence-quenched peptide substrate for human neutrophil elastase (kcat/Km = 531 mM-1s-1). Enzymatic peptide hydrolysis disrupts the Abz:EDDnp donor-acceptor pair allowing fluorescence measurement of Abz (ex = 320 nm, em = 420 nm).

Apamin is an 18 amino acid peptide toxin found in bee venom. It is a potent blocker of small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK, KCa2) channels that is more effective at SK2 than SK1 and SK3 (IC50 values are 0.06-0.4, 1-12, and 1-13 nM, respectively). It is ineffective against SK4 at 1 µM. Apamin is used to elucidate...

A-54556B is a natural acyldepsipeptide (ADEP) antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of S. hawaiiensis. Like the closely related ADEP, A-54556A (Cay-15305), A-54556B is effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including penicillin-resistant S. aureus. A-54556B is also effective against many strains of...

Enopeptin A, originally isolated from a culture broth of Streptomyces sp. RK-1051, is a depsipeptide antibiotic that contains two unusual amino acids (N-methylalanine and 4-methylproline) and features a pentaenone side chain. It is effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus...

Micrococcin P1 is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic that functions as an acceptor-site-specific inhibitor of ribosomal protein synthesis, effectively preventing the growth of Gram-positive bacteria without affecting that of Gram-negative bacteria.