Anti-Plakophilin 2

This gene encodes a member of the arm-repeat (armadillo) and plakophilin gene families. Plakophilin proteins contain numerous armadillo repeats, localize to cell desmosomes and nuclei, and participate in linking cadherins to intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton. This gene product may regulate the signaling activity of beta-catenin. Two alternately spliced transcripts encoding two protein isoforms have been identified. A processed pseudogene with high similarity to this locus has been mapped to chromosome 12p13. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008], Protein function: Regulates focal adhesion turnover resulting in changes in focal adhesion size, cell adhesion and cell spreading, potentially via transcriptional modulation of beta-integrins (PubMed:23884246). Required to maintain gingival epithelial barrier function (PubMed:34368962). Required for cardiac sodium current propagation and electrical synchrony in cardiac myocytes. Required for the formation of desmosome cell junctions in cardiomyocytes, thereby required for the correct formation of the heart, specifically trabeculation and formation of the atria walls. Loss of desmosome cell junctions leads to mis-localization of DSP and DSG2 resulting in disruption of cell-cell adhesion and disordered intermediate filaments. Modulates profibrotic gene expression in cardiomyocytes via regulation of DSP expression and subsequent activation of downstream TGFB1 and MAPK14/p38 MAPK signaling. May play a role in junctional plaques (PubMed:22781308). Involved in the inhibition of viral infection by influenza A viruses (IAV) (PubMed:28169297). Acts as a host restriction factor for IAV viral propagation, potentially via disrupting the interaction of IAV polymerase complex proteins (PubMed:28169297). [The UniProt Consortium] Recommended dilutions: WB 1:500-2000,IHC-p 1:50-300, ELISA 2000-20000. Cellular localization: Nucleus . Cell junction, desmosome . Nuclear and associated with desmosomes.