Anti-P2Y1 Receptor (P2RY1), CT

The P2 purinoreceptor family consists of two distinct classes: the P2X ligand-gated ion channels, and the P2Y G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Eleven subtypes of P2Y receptors have been identified, five are recognized in mammalian species. P2Y receptors are activated by extracellular adenine (ATP) and uridine (UTP) nucleotides. Binding of adenine or uridine to the P2Y receptor triggers a conformational change and the activation of the associated G protein, which induces, phospholipase C (PLC) stimulation, the release of intracellular calcium ions, and the opening of plasma membrane chloride channels. The P2Y1 receptor is composed of an intracellular C-terminus, seven transmembrane domains with three intracellular and three extracellular loops, and an extracellular N-terminus with four conserved cysteine residues for disulfide bond formation. Disulfide bridges between the first and second extracellular loops and between the N-terminus and the third extracellular loop are necessary for both structure and stability of the P2Y1 receptor. The extracellular loops are essential for ligand recognition and receptor activation. ATP docking sites have been identified in the transmembrane cleft and at meta binding sites within the extracellular loops. P2Y1 receptor protein expression has been observed in a variety of mammalian tissues and cells. In humans, P2Y1 is present in the CNS (neurons of the hippocampus, midbrain, cerebellar cortex, and cerebral cortex), heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and some types of smooth muscle, myeloid and leukemia cells, and kidney cells. In murine species, the P2Y2 receptor is expressed in rat heart and brain. Applications: Suitable for use in Western Blot and ELISA. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Western Blot: 1-3ug/ml, ELISA: 1ug/ml, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.