Anti-GNA13

function:Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems.,PTM:Palmitoylation is critical for proper membrane localization and signaling.,PTM:Phosphorylation on Thr-203 by PKA destabilizes the heterotrimer of alpha, beta and gamma, and inhibits Rho activation.,similarity:Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(12) subfamily.,subcellular location:Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV.,subunit:G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. Interacts with UBXD5., Protein function: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452). Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF1/p115RhoGEF, ARHGEF11/PDZ-RhoGEF and ARHGEF12/LARG) (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:12515866). GNA13-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1). Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway (PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452). Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (PubMed:11976333). [The UniProt Consortium] Recommended dilutions: WB 1:500-2000 ELISA 1:5000-20000. Cellular localization: Cell membrane , Lipid-anchor . Melanosome . Cytoplasm . Nucleus . Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV (PubMed:17081065). Detected in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and in the seminiferous epithelium, including differentiating cells from the spermatogonia to mature spermatozoa stages (PubMed:18703424). In round spermatids, also present in the nuclei (PubMed:18703424). .