Anti-Geminin / DNA Replication Inhibitor Monoclonal Antibody (Clone: CPTC-GMMN-1)

Geminin is a nuclear protein that regulates the initiation of DNA replication during the cell cycle. DNA replication requires the coordinated association of Cdc6 and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins with chromatin. Geminin blocks this assembly of the MCM into the prereplication complex and, in turn, prevents replication from occurring. Expression of Geminin fluctuates throµghout the cell cycle with Geminin levels lowest at G1. Throµghout S, G2 and M phases, Geminin levels are consistently elevated followed by a decrease during mitosis. The initiation of DNA replication is dependent on the degradation of Geminin during mitosis and the absence of Geminin throµghout G1 phase. Geminin degradation is mediated by the anaphasepromoting complex (APC), which specifically targets B-type cyclins and other proteins containing a destruction box motif for degradation by ubiquitinmediated proteolysis. While geminin expression is essential in maintaining chromosomal integrity, it is frequently overexpressed in cancers and evidence sµggests that it plays a significant role in tumor proliferation and progression. Protein function: Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC) (PubMed:9635433, PubMed:14993212, PubMed:20129055, PubMed:24064211). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle (PubMed:9635433, PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211). Its destruction at the metaphase- anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle (PubMed:9635433, PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211). Inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity of KAT7/HBO1 in a CDT1-dependent manner, inhibiting histone H4 acetylation and DNA replication licensing (PubMed:20129055). Inhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control (PubMed:22615398). [The UniProt Consortium]