Anti-CENPA

Centromeres are the differentiated chromosomal domains that specify the mitotic behavior of chromosomes. This gene encodes a centromere protein which contains a histone H3 related histone fold domain that is required for targeting to the centromere. Centromere protein A is proposed to be a component of a modified nucleosome or nucleosome-like structure in which it replaces 1 or both copies of conventional histone H3 in the (H3-H4)2 tetrameric core of the nucleosome particle. The protein is a replication-independent histone that is a member of the histone H3 family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Protein function: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically found in centromeric nucleosomes (PubMed:7962047, PubMed:9024683, PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:15702419, PubMed:15475964, PubMed:15282608, PubMed:17651496, PubMed:19114591, PubMed:27499292, PubMed:20739937). Replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore (PubMed:18072184). The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3 (PubMed:27499292, PubMed:26878239). May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (PubMed:15475964, PubMed:15282608, PubMed:26878239, PubMed:20739937, PubMed:21478274). Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis (PubMed:11756469, PubMed:14667408, PubMed:18072184, PubMed:23818633, PubMed:25556658, PubMed:27499292). [The UniProt Consortium]