Anti-CD106 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, VCAM-1, INCAM-110), clone 6A518

VCAM-1, the vascular cell adhesion molecule, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, C2 subset. The antigen is induced on human endothelial cells by TNF-alpha, IL-1, IFN-gamma or endotoxin. The ligands for VCAM-1 are integrin alpha4, beta1 (VLA-4) and integrin alpha4, beta7. These integrins are constitutively expressed by thymocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. Applications: Useful for staining of VCAM-1 expressing endothelial cells. It permits staining of in vitro cultured cells and frozen tissue sections. Furthermore the antibody can be used for Flow Cytometry, immunoassays and Immunoprecipitation. Recommended Dilution: Flow Cytometry: 1:10, Immunohistology: Dilutions to be used depend on detection system applied. It is recommended that users test the reagent and determine their own optimal dilutions. The typical starting working dilution is 1:10. In vitro cultured cells can be fixed with 1% paraformaldehyde, tissue sections are advised to be fixed for 10 min in pure acetone and followed by incubation for 10 min in chloroform. Incubation with a pretested dilution of the antibody is advised to be followed by a biotin conjugated anti-murine Ig and a further incubation with an enzyme (alkaline phosphatase) conjugated streptavidin. For selection of the most useful dilution in a given situation a test staining with cells or tissue known to express the antigen should be performed. To this end either cultured endothelial cells or a small fresh skin biopsy can be incubated for 4 hours with TNF-alpha (1ng/ml), IL-1 (100U/ml) or LPS (1ug/ml) in tissue culture medium at 37°C. As negative control it is advised to use a control murine IgG1 antibody. Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. , Storage and Stability:, May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Store at -20°C or colder. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.