Anti-phospho-PAK 1/2/3 (Thr402)

Anti-PAK 1/2/3 pT402 antibody is directed against rat PAK protein. The antibody was affinity purified from monospecific antiserum by immunoaffinity purification and is specific for the phosphorylated protein. The immunolabeling of PAK is completely eliminated by ?-phosphatase treatment. Reactivity is expected from the following species based on 100% sequence homology: bovine, canine, human and mouse. Cross reactivity with PAK from other species has not been determined. Protein function: Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Plays a role in CTNNB1 signaling. Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser- 338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. [The UniProt Consortium]