Anti-ACE2 Monoclonal antibody (Clone: ABM1H3.1G11)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme2 (ACE2) is an ectoenzyme (carboxypeptidase) with an extracellular catalytic domain that predominantly localizes at the plasma membrane and is thereby able to hydrolyze circulating peptides. ACE2 has approximately 42% sequence identity with ACE, and its cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains show 48% homology to the protein collectrin that plays a critical role in the amino acid absorption of the kidney. ACE2 converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. ACE2 is involved in the regulation of systemic blood pressure and has direct effects on cardiac functions. It is expressed predominantly in endothelial cells of the lung, gut, heart and kidney. ACE2 together with the protease TMPRSS2 acts as a functional receptor for SARS coronavirus as well as for the new highly pathogenic coronavirus, 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2, which is cause for pneumonia COVID-19. Protein function: Essential counter-regulatory carboxypeptidase of the renin- angiotensin hormone system that is a critical regulator of blood volume, systemic vascular resistance, and thus cardiovascular homeostasis (PubMed:27217402). Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1- 9, a nine-amino acid peptide with anti-hypertrophic effects in cardiomyocytes, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, which then acts as a beneficial vasodilator and anti-proliferation agent, counterbalancing the actions of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (PubMed:10969042, PubMed:10924499, PubMed:11815627, PubMed:19021774, PubMed:14504186). Also removes the C-terminal residue from three other vasoactive peptides, neurotensin, kinetensin, and des-Arg bradykinin, but is not active on bradykinin (PubMed:10969042, PubMed:11815627). Also cleaves other biological peptides, such as apelins (apelin-13, [Pyr1]apelin-13, apelin-17, apelin-36), casomorphins (beta-casomorphin- 7, neocasomorphin) and dynorphin A with high efficiency (PubMed:11815627, PubMed:27217402, PubMed:28293165). In addition, ACE2 C-terminus is homologous to collectrin and is responsible for the trafficking of the neutral amino acid transporter SL6A19 to the plasma membrane of gut epithelial cells via direct interaction, regulating its expression on the cell surface and its catalytic activity (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:19185582). [The UniProt Consortium]