TNF-beta (human, recombinant)

TNF-beta, also known as lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha), is a cytokine and member of the TNF and TNF receptor (TNFR) cytokine superfamily. It is produced as an N-glycosylated peptide that forms soluble bell-shaped homotrimers after signal peptide cleavage. TNF-beta also forms cell surface-anchored heterotrimers with TNF-C, also known as lymphotoxin-beta (LT-beta). It is expressed in T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells, as well as macrophages. When secreted, TNF-beta homotrimers bind to TNF-alpha receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 while TNF-beta-LT-beta heterotrimers bind to the LT-beta receptor. Through activation of these receptors, TNF-beta is involved in lymphoid organ development and maintenance, host defense, and inflammatory processes. TNF-beta induces proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and levels of TNF-beta are increased in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. SNPs in LTA, the gene encoding TNF-beta in humans, are associated with various diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cancer. Cayman's TNF-beta (human, recombinant) protein can be used for cellular activity assays. The protein was synthesized from a DNA sequence encoding the mature form of human TNF-beta (Leu35-Leu205) with an N-terminal translation-initiating methionine (Met1). The expressed protein consists of 172 amino acids, has a calculated molecular weight of 18.8 kDa, and a predicted N-terminus of Met1.Synonyms: LTA, LT-alpha, Lymphotoxin-alpha, TNFSF1, Tumor Necrosis Factor-beta, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 1. Purity: >97% estimated by SDS-PAGE. Source: Active recombinant human TNF-beta expressed in E. coli. Amino Acids: 35-205. MW: 18.8 kDa. Formulation: (Request formulation change), Lyophilized from sterile 50 mM Tris, pH 8.0. UniProt Accession #: P01374.