Anti-TRIF

This gene encodes an adaptor protein containing a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domain, which is an intracellular signaling domain that mediates protein-protein interactions between the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and signal-transduction components. This protein is involved in native immunity against invading pathogens. It specifically interacts with toll-like receptor 3, but not with other TLRs, and this association mediates dsRNA induction of interferon-beta through activation of nuclear factor kappa-B, during an antiviral immune response. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012], Protein function: Involved in innate immunity against invading pathogens. Adapter used by TLR3, TLR4 (through TICAM2) and TLR5 to mediate NF- kappa-B and interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) activation, and to induce apoptosis (PubMed:12471095, PubMed:12539043, PubMed:14739303, PubMed:28747347). Ligand binding to these receptors results in TRIF recruitment through its TIR domain (PubMed:12471095, PubMed:12539043, PubMed:14739303). Distinct protein-interaction motifs allow recruitment of the effector proteins TBK1, TRAF6 and RIPK1, which in turn, lead to the activation of transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7, NF-kappa-B and FADD respectively (PubMed:12471095, PubMed:12539043, PubMed:14739303). Phosphorylation by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif leads to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent immunity against invading pathogens (PubMed:25636800). Component of a multi-helicase- TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double- stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. [The UniProt Consortium] Recommended dilutions: WB 1:500-2000,IHC-p 1:50-200 ELISA 1:10000-20000. Cellular localization: Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome . Cytoplasm, cytosol . Mitochondrion . Colocalizes with UBQLN1 in the autophagosome (PubMed:21695056). Colocalizes in the cytosol with DDX1, DDX21 and DHX36. Colocalizes in the mitochondria with DDX1 and poly(I:C) RNA ligand. The multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex may translocate to the mitochondria upon poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation (By similarity). .