Anti-PKC / Protein kinase C, clone 31P91

Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol, 0.4-0.5mg/ml BSA. PKC antibody detects Protein kinase C (PKC), a family of serine/threonine kinases that play critical roles in cellular signal transduction, gene expression, and membrane receptor regulation. The UniProt recommended name is Protein kinase C. This enzyme family mediates diverse biological responses by phosphorylating target proteins involved in proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and cytoskeletal organization. PKC enzymes are key downstream effectors of diacylglycerol (DAG) and calcium signaling pathways, serving as central hubs that integrate extracellular signals into intracellular responses.Protein kinase C includes multiple isoforms that can be broadly divided into three classes: conventional (alpha, beta, gamma), novel (delta, epsilon, eta, theta), and atypical (zeta, iota/lambda). Each isoform differs in its activation requirements and tissue distribution. Conventional isoforms require both calcium and DAG for activation, whereas novel isoforms are calcium-independent but DAG-dependent. Atypical isoforms do not require either calcium or DAG, responding instead to other lipid mediators. These differences allow PKC family members to finely tune signaling cascades in a context-dependent manner.Functionally, PKC regulates numerous processes such as receptor desensitization, ion channel modulation, transcription factor activation, and cytoskeletal remodeling. It is activated by various stimuli including growth factors, hormones, and neurotransmitters through phospholipase C-mediated generation of DAG. Once activated, PKC translocates to cellular membranes where it phosphorylates specific substrates, leading to altered protein activity and gene expression. In neurons, PKC modulates synaptic plasticity, while in cardiac and smooth muscle it influences contraction and metabolism.The PKC gene family is expressed across nearly all tissues, with particular enrichment in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. Dysregulation of PKC activity has been linked to pathological conditions such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease. In oncology, PKC can act as either a tumor promoter or suppressor depending on the isoform and cellular context. Therefore, antibodies targeting PKC are valuable tools for investigating its expression patterns, activation states, and downstream signaling pathways.PKC antibody is useful in immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and related assays to assess protein localization, phosphorylation-dependent signaling, and isoform-specific expression. By detecting total PKC or specific subtypes, researchers can study its role in signal transduction and disease progression. NSJ Bioreagents provides PKC antibody reagents optimized for research in kinase signaling, cellular communication, and phosphoregulation studies.