Anti-MSH6, clone MSH6/13194R

1 mg/ml in 1X PBS, BSA free, sodium azide free. MSH6, also called GTBP or G/T mismatch-binding protein, is a mismatch repair protein which is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). It has been suggested that the deficiencies in DNA mismatch repair protein(s) can be seen in some malignancies such as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and endometrial cancer. MSH6 expressed in all proliferating cells participate in repair of base-base mismatch, that occur during DNA replication. Loss of MSH6/GTBP expression leads to an accumulation of DNA replication errors in the proliferating cells, particularly in areas of the genome with short repetitive nucleotide sequences, a phenomenon known as microsatellite instability (MSI). MSH6/GTBP always used as panel with MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and may be useful to aid in identifying the most probable gene responsible for the MSI. Protein function: Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form MutS alpha, which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, MutS alpha bends the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs, and recognizes single base mismatches and dinucleotide insertion-deletion loops (IDL) in the DNA. After mismatch binding, forms a ternary complex with the MutL alpha heterodimer, which is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. ATP binding and hydrolysis play a pivotal role in mismatch repair functions. The ATPase activity associated with MutS alpha regulates binding similar to a molecular switch: mismatched DNA provokes ADP-->ATP exchange, resulting in a discernible conformational transition that converts MutS alpha into a sliding clamp capable of hydrolysis-independent diffusion along the DNA backbone. This transition is crucial for mismatch repair. MutS alpha may also play a role in DNA homologous recombination repair. Recruited on chromatin in G1 and early S phase via its PWWP domain that specifically binds trimethylated 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3): early recruitment to chromatin to be replicated allowing a quick identification of mismatch repair to initiate the DNA mismatch repair reaction. [The UniProt Consortium]