Anti-Glucokinase Regulatory Protein (GCKR, GKRP, Glucokinase Regulator)

Hexokinase catalyzes the first step of several metabolic pathways by converting D-hexose to D-hexose-6-P. Hexokinase is an allosteric enzyme inhibited by its products glucose-6-phosphate. At least 4 related hexokinase isoforms (HXKI-III, HXK-IV also known as Glucokinase) have been cloned and characterized. Hexokinases (~100kD for HXK1-III, HXKIV lacks the N-terminal domains and is ~50kD) are outer mitochondrial membrane proteins. The N- terminus, containing the mitochondrial target sequence, and the C- terminal has high sequence homology among various isoforms. The catalytic activity is associated with the C-terminus and other regulatory functions are controlled by the N-terminus. Glucokinase (GCK) in the liver and pancreatic beta cells is subject to inhibition by a regulatory protein, GCKR or GKRP. The inhibitory effect of GCKR depends on the presence of fructose-6-phosphate and is antagonized by fructose-1-phosphate. Mutations in GCKR might be diabetogenic if they resulted in the synthesis of proteins with increased inhibitory activity, perhaps reflecting increased sensitivity to fructose-6-phosphate or reduced susceptibility to antagonism by fructose-1-phosphate. The GCKR/GKRP gene encodes a protein of 625aa. Given the role of glucokinase in the causation of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type II. GCKR had been considered a candidate gene for a form of MODY. , Applications:, Suitable for use in Western Blot and ELISA. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Western Blot: 1-10ug/ml (ECL), ELISA: 0.5-1ug/ml, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O or PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.