Anti-Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERa), clone 3H19

Estrogens, produced by ovaries and testis, affect growth and differentiation of many target tissues. These include the male and female reproductive tissues (mammary gland, uterus, ovary, and prostate). Estrogens have also been implicated in the physiology of the bone, cardiovascular tissues, and the brain. Estrogens bind to the intracellular proteins known as estrogen receptors (ER). Estrogen receptor is a member of the super family of nuclear receptor that show a similar structure and mode of action. Once bound by their ligand, ER undergoes a conformational change to a form that can specifically bind to its target genes and later their transcription. Structurally, nuclear receptors have been divided into six distinct domains termed A-F: The hypervariable N-terminal transactivation domain, the DNA-binding, dimerization, and nuclear localization conserved region C, and the ligand binding conserved region E. A great deal of knowledge has been obtained from the cloning, structure and functional studies of previously known ER (now called ERa). The ERa, initially cloned from uterus, is highly homologous to the ERa from mouse, human, and chicken. Recently, another form of the ER, termed ERb1, has been cloned from rat and human tissue. Rat/mouse ERb1 gene encodes a protein of 485 aa with a calculated size of approx. 54 kDa. ERb1 is 477 aa in human. As compared to ERa, ERb1 is highly conserved in the DNA-binding domain (> 90% homology) and the C-terminal ligand binding domain (55% homology). The A/B domain, the hinge region and the F-domain are not conserved. Rat ERb1 is primarily expressed in prostate, ovary, lung, bladder, brain, uterus, and testis. ligand binding experiments with the recombinant ERb1 revealed a single binding component for 17b-E2 with Kd=0.6 nM. Both ERa and ERb1 bind to common agonists and antagonists with more or less overlapping specificity. Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation, Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunohistochemistry: 5-10ul/ml. Detects nuclear staining of the receptor., Western Blot: 1:100-1:500 (ECL). Recognizes a band of ~67kD in nuclear extracts of MCF-7 cells. (1)., ELISA: 1:100,000. , Immunoprecipitation: 10ul per 500ug of MCF-7 nuclear extracts., Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.