Anti-EMP2

EMP-2 (epithelial membrane protein 2), also known as XMP, is a 167 amino acid multi-pass membrane protein that contains four-transmembrane domains and belongs to the GAS3/PMP22 (growth arrest-specific-3/peripheral myelin protein-22) family. Localized to lipid raft domains in the plasma membrane, EMP-2 regulates the expression of several target proteins and is necessary for blastocyst implantation in the uterine endometrium. Specifically, EMP-2 mediates blastocyst implantation by controlling the cell membrane expression of MHC and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, as well as Integrins and caveolin-1. In adult tissues, EMP-2 is expressed in heart, lung, ovary and intestine, while fetal expression is highest in kidney, brain and liver. Overexpression of EMP-2 is associated with endometrial adenocarcinoma, suggesting a possible role for EMP-2 in tumorigenesis. Protein function: Functions as a key regulator of cell membrane composition by regulating proteins surface expression. Also, plays a role in regulation of processes including cell migration, cell proliferation, cell contraction and cell adhesion. Negatively regulates caveolae formation by reducing CAV1 expression and CAV1 amount by increasing lysosomal degradation (PubMed:24814193). Facilitates surface trafficking and formation of lipid rafts bearing GPI-anchor proteins. Regulates surface expression of MHC1 and ICAM1 proteins increasing susceptibility to T-cell mediated cytotoxicity. Regulates the plasma membrane expression of the integrin heterodimers ITGA6-ITGB1, ITGA5-ITGB3 and ITGA5-ITGB1 resulting in modulation of cell-matrix adhesion (PubMed:16216233). Also regulates many processes through PTK2. Regulates blood vessel endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis by regulating VEGF protein expression through PTK2 activation (PubMed:23439602). Regulates cell migration and cell contraction through PTK2 and SRC activation (PubMed:21637765, PubMed:22728127). Regulates focal adhesion density, F-actin conformation and cell adhesion capacity through interaction with PTK2 (PubMed:19494199). Positively regulates cell proliferation (PubMed:24814193). Plays a role during cell death and cell blebbing (PubMed:12107182). Promotes angiogenesis and vasculogenesis through induction of VEGFA via a HIF1A-dependent pathway (PubMed:23334331). Also plays a role in embryo implantation by regulating surface trafficking of integrin heterodimer ITGA5-ITGB3 (PubMed:16487956). May play a role in glomerular filtration. [The UniProt Consortium]