Anti-Complement Component 4d (Complement C4d, C4 Complement C4d Region, C4d, C4d Fragment)

The complement 1 complex cleaves complement 4 (C4) to form C4b and C4a. C4b levels are strictly regulated. Single site cleavage of the C4b's alpha chain by Factor I forms iC4b and blocks C3 convertase, inhibiting opsonisation and activation of the classical pathway. This requires C4 binding protein or CR1 as a cofactor. iC4b is further degraded into C4d and C4c. The short half life of C4d means that it is present in serum at high enough concentrations to make it a useful marker for classical complement activation. Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA, Flow Cytometry and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilutions: Immunohistochemistry: Frozen sections, Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Positive Control for Immunohistochemistry: Kidney from post streptoccal glomerulonephritis patients, Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.