Anti-CD49d Antibody[R1-2]

CD49d is a 150 kD glycoprotein, also known as alpha4 integrin or VLA-4 alpha chain. It is a member of the integrin family, expressed on T and B cells, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, thymocytes, NK cells, and dendritic cells. CD49d is a heterodimer expressed with either of two beta chains, beta1 (CD29) or beta7, to form the VLA-4 (integrin alpha4beta1) or LPAM-1 (integrin alpha4beta7) complexes. CD49d plays a critical role in adhesion and T cell costimulation. The primary ligands for CD49d are VCAM-1, MAdCAM-1, and fibronectin. Protein function: Integrins alpha-4/beta-1 (VLA-4 or LPAM-2) and alpha-4/beta-7 (LPAM-1) are receptors for fibronectin. They recognize one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. They are also receptors for VCAM1. Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. Integrin alpha-4/beta-7 is also a receptor for MADCAM1. It recognizes the sequence L-D-T in MADCAM1. On activated endothelial cells integrin VLA-4 triggers homotypic aggregation for most VLA-4-positive leukocyte cell lines. It may also participate in cytolytic T-cell interactions with target cells. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and may act as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1. Integrin ITGA4:ITGB1 represses PRKCA-mediated L-type voltage-gated channel Ca(2+) influx and ROCK-mediated calcium sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells via its interaction with SVEP1, thereby inhibiting vasocontraction (PubMed:35802072) [The UniProt Consortium]