Anti-alpha-Synuclein Rabbit (Clone RM492)

alpha-Synuclein is a 140-amino acid intracellular protein encoded by the SNCA gene in humans. It is primarily localized to the synaptic terminal of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems where it has a role in regulation of synaptic vesicle docking and neurotransmitter release. alpha-Synuclein is an intrinsically disordered, multi-domain protein composed of a negatively charged C-terminal domain that provides structural flexibility, a central hydrophobic region with a high propensity to aggregate, and a positively charged N-terminal domain containing a repeated consensus sequence KTKEGV. It exists as a monomer in the cytoplasm, however, mutations, posttranslational modifications, and changes in cellular environmental conditions can induce oligomerization and aggregate formation. Aggregated alpha-synuclein is found in Lewy bodies that occur in Parkinson's disease and diffuse Lewy body disease, as well as in glial cells in postmortem brains from patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Cayman's alpha-Synuclein Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Clone RM492) can be used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) applications. The antibody recognizes alpha-synuclein at approximately 15 kDa from human, mouse, and rat samples.. Cross reactivity: (+) Human: (+) Mouse, (+) Rat.. Protein function: Neuronal protein that plays several roles in synaptic activity such as regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking and subsequent neurotransmitter release. Participates as a monomer in synaptic vesicle exocytosis by enhancing vesicle priming, fusion and dilation of exocytotic fusion pores (PubMed:28288128, PubMed:30404828). Mechanistically, acts by increasing local Ca(2+) release from microdomains which is essential for the enhancement of ATP-induced exocytosis (PubMed:30404828). Acts also as a molecular chaperone in its multimeric membrane-bound state, assisting in the folding of synaptic fusion components called SNAREs (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein REceptors) at presynaptic plasma membrane in conjunction with cysteine string protein-alpha/DNAJC5 (PubMed:20798282). This chaperone activity is important to sustain normal SNARE-complex assembly during aging (PubMed:20798282). Plays also a role in the regulation of the dopamine neurotransmission by associating with the dopamine transporter (DAT1) and thereby modulating its activity (PubMed:26442590). [The UniProt Consortium]