Anti-Adenosine Deaminase Monoclonal Antibody

Adenosine Deaminase (ADA, adenosine aminohydrolase) is one of the key enzymes of purine nucleotide catabolism. It catalyses the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine and deoxy-adenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine . ADA is expressed in virtually all tissues and is expressed at high levels in T-lymphocytes. Adenosine Deaminase deficiency can cause a form of SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) and lymphopenia in both B- and T-cell lineages . ADA can be used as a sensitive diagnostic marker for tuberculous pleuritis . Although it is primarily a cytosolic enzyme, ADA is known to be a positive regulator of T-cell co-activation due to its binding to CD26 at the cell surface. The interaction of ADA with CD26 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion Protein function: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine and 2- deoxyadenosine (PubMed:16670267, PubMed:23193172, PubMed:26166670, PubMed:8452534, PubMed:9361033). Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis. Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4 (PubMed:20959412). Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion (PubMed:11772392). Enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity by affecting dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and cytokines and chemokines secretion. Enhances CD4+ T-cell differentiation and proliferation (PubMed:20959412). Acts as a positive modulator of adenosine receptors ADORA1 and ADORA2A, by enhancing their ligand affinity via conformational change (PubMed:23193172). Stimulates plasminogen activation (PubMed:15016824). Plays a role in male fertility (PubMed:21919946, PubMed:26166670). Plays a protective role in early postimplantation embryonic development. Also responsible for the deamination of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), a fungal natural product that shows antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, antivirus, and immune regulation properties (PubMed:26038697). [The UniProt Consortium]