Anti-ACER1

ACER1 (Alkaline Ceramidase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with ACER1 include Corneal Dystrophy, Posterior Amorphous. Among its related pathways are Sphingolipid metabolism and Sphingolipid signaling pathway. GO annotations related to this gene include hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides and dihydroceramidase activity. An important paralog of this gene is ACER2.Ceramides are synthesized during epidermal differentiation and accumulate within the interstices of the stratum corneum, where they represent critical components of the epidermal permeability barrier. Excess cellular ceramide can trigger antimitogenic signals and induce apoptosis, and the ceramide metabolites sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are important bioregulatory molecules. Ceramide hydrolysis in the nucleated cell layers regulates keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in response to external stress. Ceramide hydrolysis also occurs at the stratum corneum, releasing free sphingoid base that functions as an endogenous antimicrobial agent. ACER1 is highly expressed in epidermis and catalyzes the hydrolysis of very long chain ceramides to generate sphingosine. Protein function: Endoplasmic reticulum ceramidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at alkaline pH (PubMed:17713573, PubMed:20207939, PubMed:20628055). Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1- phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (PubMed:12783875). Exhibits a strong substrate specificity towards the natural stereoisomer of ceramides with D-erythro-sphingosine as a backbone and has a higher activity towards very long-chain unsaturated fatty acids like the C24:1-ceramide (PubMed:17713573, PubMed:20207939). May also hydrolyze dihydroceramides to produce dihydrosphingosine (PubMed:20207939, PubMed:20628055). ACER1 is a skin-specific ceramidase that regulates the levels of ceramides, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate in the epidermis, mediates the calcium-induced differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and more generally plays an important role in skin homeostasis (PubMed:17713573). [The UniProt Consortium]