Alirocumab Biosimilar (Human Proprotein Convertase 9/PCSK9 Antibody)

Alirocumab, also known as REGN 727, is a recombinant monoclonal antibody that targets PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9). It increases the ability of the liver to bind LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and reduces levels of LDL-C in blood. Alirocumab improves atherosclerosis and inflammation and is used in an injectable form to lower LDL cholesterol levels in adults with hypercholesterolemia. PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) is a crucial player in the regulation of plasma cholesterol homeostasis. It binds to low-density lipid receptor family members: low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), apolipoprotein E receptor (LRP1/APOER) and apolipoprotein receptor 2 (LRP8/APOER2), and promotes their degradation. Acts via a non-proteolytic mechanism to enhance the degradation of the hepatic LDLR through a clathrin LDLRAP1/ARH-mediated pathway. It may prevent the recycling of LDLR from endosomes to the cell surface or direct it to lysosomes for degradation and can induce ubiquitination of LDLR leading to its subsequent degradation. It regulates neuronal apoptosis via modulation of LRP8/APOER2 levels and related anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. Alirocumab, also known as Praluent, reduces NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome, regulates Nrf2/HO-1, HMGB1/NF-kappaB and Fractalkine/CX3CR1. Alirocumab increases the ability of the liver to bind LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and reduces levels of LDL-C in blood. Alirocumab improves atherosclerosis and inflammation and is used in an injectable form to lower LDL cholesterol levels in adults with hypercholesterolemia.