Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor-beta1

There are three mammalian isoforms of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), namely TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, and TGF-beta3. These multifunctional cytokines signal through the same receptor and elicit similar biological responses. They play crucial roles in regulating cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, motility, and the synthesis and deposition of the extracellular matrix. The release of the biologically active TGF-beta isoform from a latent complex involves intracellular proteolytic processing. TGF-beta1 is the most abundant isoform that is secreted by nearly every cell type, and initially recognized for its ability to induce phenotypic transformation in fibroblasts. TGF-beta1 has more recently been linked to skin tumor formation. Recombinant Human TGF-beta1 consists of two identical 112-amino acid polypeptide chains connected by a single disulfide bond and has a molecular weight of 25.0 kDa.