Sodium Butyrate

Sodium butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid. It is produced predominately by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the colon but has also been identified in mammalian milk. Sodium butyrate is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC, IC50 = 90 µM in a cell-free assay). It induces differentiation, cell cycle arrest at the G0 phase, and apoptosis, as well as inhibits proliferation, in a variety of cancer cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 100 mM. Sodium butyrate decreases the expression of IFN-gamma-related signaling genes and metastatic genes in H460 human lung cancer cells when used at a concentration of 2 mM. It reduces tumor growth in a CaSki mouse xenograft model when administered at doses of 200 and 800 mg/kg per day. Sodium butyrate also reduces increases in colonic TNFa and Il6 expression and decreases colonic goblet cell depletion, tissue damage, muscle thickening, and cellular infiltration in a wild-type, but not Hcar2-/-, mouse model of TNBS-induced colitis.Formal Name: butanoic acid, sodium salt. CAS Number: 156-54-7. Synonyms: Butyric Acid, FA 4:0. Molecular Formula: C4H7O2 . Na. Formula Weight: 110.1. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: Ethanol: 5 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. SMILES: CCCC([O-])=O.[Na+]. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C4H8O2.Na/c1-2-3-4(5)6,/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6),/q,+1/p-1. InChi Key: MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M. Origin: Synthetic.