Silibinin

White to slightly yellow powder. Soluble in DMSO (10mg/ml) or DMF (20mg/ml). Chemical. CAS: 22888-70-6. Formula: C25H22O10. MW: 482.44. Silibinin is a naturally occurring flavanone from Silybum marianum (milk thistle plant) and the main component (active principle) of the Silymarin extract. Silibinin has shown pleiotropic biological properties, including potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antiviral, antimicrobial and immunosuppressive activities. Silibinin demonstrates promising anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanisms of silibinin-mediated antiproliferative effects are mainly via receptor tyrosine kinases, androgen receptor, STATs, NF-kappaB, cell cycle arrest and apoptotis/autophagy inducing signaling pathways in various cancer cells. Silibinin was reported to improve glycemic homeostasis by improving the activity of pancreatic beta-cells, increasing insulin sensitivity of liver and muscle cells and decreasing lipid deposition in adipocytes. Next to modulating the NFkappa signaling pathway, Sibilin also inhibits NLRP1/NLRP3 inflammasomes signaling pathways. It modulates many molecular changes caused by xenobiotics and ultraviolet radiation to protect the skin and is used in cosmeceutical preparations.