Mildronate (hydrate)

Mildronate is a structural analog of gamma-butyrobetaine (gammaBB), an intermediate in the biosynthesis of carnitine. It blocks carnitine synthesis by inhibiting gammaBB hydroxylase (IC50 = 62 µM) and, less potently, carnitine acetyltransferase (Ki = 1.6 mM). Through these actions, mildronate reduces the levels of free carnitine and long chain acyl carnitine. This leads to suppressed fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial uncoupling during oxidative conditions, resulting in cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects. Mildronate also improves cognition and reduces amyloid-beta pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Formal Name: 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,1,1-trimethyl-hydrazinium, inner salt, dihydrate. CAS Number: 86426-17-7. Synonyms: Meldonium, MET-88, Quaterine, THP. Molecular Formula: C6H14N2O2 . 2H2O. Formula Weight: 182.2. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: Ethanol: 25 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. SMILES: [O-]C(CCN[N+](C)(C)C)=O.O.O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2.2H2O/c1-8(2,3)7-5-4-6(9)10,,/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3,2*1H2. InChi Key: JFWLFLLRLZSBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N.