Atractylenolide III

Atractylenolide III is a sesquiterpene that has been isolated from Atractylodes and has diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, pro- and anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties. It inhibits the release of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, Cay-14010), TNF-alpha, and IL-6 induced by LPS from RAW264.7 macrophages when used at a concentration of 50 µM. Atractylenolide III (100 µM) induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, as well as increases caspase-3, caspase-9, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. However, in primary embryonic mouse cerebral cortical neurons, it inhibits glutamate-induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation when used at a concentration of 40 µM. It inhibits angiogenesis in an MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg per day. Atractylenolide III (0.6 mg/kg per day) also decreases the latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze in a rat model of learning deficits induced by high-dose homocysteine.Formal Name: (4aS,8aR,9aS)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9,9a-octahydro-9a-hydroxy-3,8a-dimethyl-5-methylene-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-2(4H)-one. CAS Number: 73030-71-4. Synonyms: Atractylenolide beta, Codonolactone. Molecular Formula: C15H20O3. Formula Weight: 248.3. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMF: 2 mg/ml, DMSO: 2 mg/ml, DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:10): 0.09 mg/ml, Ethanol: 1 mg/ml. lambdamax: 219 nm. SMILES: O=C(O1)C(C)=C2[C@]1(O)C[C@](CCCC3=C)(C)[C@@]3([H])C2. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C15H20O3/c1-9-5-4-6-14(3)8-15(17)12(7-11(9)14)10(2)13(16)18-15/h11,17H,1,4-8H2,2-3H3/t11-,14+,15-/m0/s1. InChi Key: FBMORZZOJSDNRQ-GLQYFDAESA-N.