(-)-(alpha)-Kainic Acid (hydrate)

(-)-(alpha)-Kainic acid is a cyclic analog of L-glutamate originally isolated from D. simplex that has neuroexcitatory activities. It binds to the homomeric kainate receptors GluK1, GluK2, GluK3, GluK4, and GluK5 (Kis = 75.9, 12.7, 32.8, 4.7, and 15 nM, respectively). (-)-(alpha)-Kainic acid (5 mM) induces calcium influx and membrane depolarization, as well as glutamate release, in rat brain synaptosomes. It induces chromatin condensation and nuclear membrane fragmentation, markers of apoptosis, in primary neonatal cerebellar granule neurons when used at a concentration of 100 µM. Intracerebroventricular administration of (-)-(alpha)-kainic acid induces convulsive behavior in rats (ED50 = 0.51 nmol/animal) and induces seizures in mice with a 50% convulsive dose (CD50) value of 0.39 nmol/animal. It has been commonly used to induce seizures in rodents.Formal Name: 2S-carboxy-4S-(1-methylethenyl)-3S-pyrrolidineacetic acid, monohydrate. CAS Number: 58002-62-3. Molecular Formula: C10H15NO4 . H2O. Formula Weight: 231.2. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: PBS (pH 7.2): 50 mg/ml. SMILES: [H]N1C[C@H](C(C)=C)[C@H](CC(O)=O)[C@H]1C(O)=O.O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C10H15NO4.H2O/c1-5(2)7-4-11-9(10(14)15)6(7)3-8(12)13,/h6-7,9,11H,1,3-4H2,2H3,(H,12,13)(H,14,15),1H2/t6-,7+,9?,/m0./s1. InChi Key: FZNZRJRSYLQHLT-AQLFBIHGSA-N.