Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)

Chloramphenicol is a chlorine-containing antibiotic produced by Streptomyces venezuelae. It has a wide spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative cocci and bacilli (including anaerobes), Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydia. It inhibits prokaryotic protein synthesis by attaching to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This inhibits peptidyltransferase, thereby preventing the formation of peptide bonds. It also inhibits protein synthesis in mitochondria which accounts for its toxic effects that cause aplastic anemia. Chloramphenicol has other adverse effects such as bone marrow depression, and gray baby syndrome. It's use is limited to serious infections such as those where resistance to other antibiotics occurs. It is still widely used in the treatment of typhoid fever, meningitis and eye infections. Synonyms: 2,2-Dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]Acetamide, D-threo-N-Dichloroacetyl-1-p-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol, Anacetin, Aquamycetin, Chlorocid, Chloroptic, Fenicol, Pantovernil, Paraxin, Chloromycetin, CAS No: 56-75-7, Molecular Formula: C11H12Cl2N2O5, Molecular Weight: 323.13, Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder, Purity: 98.5-102%, Solubility: Colorless, clear, complete. Chloramphenicol is slightly soluble in water. It is readily soluble in in alcohol and propylene glycol. pH (2.5%): 5.0-7.5, Specific Rotation: +18.5°+20.0°, Melting Point: 149-153°C, Loss on Drying: <0.5%, Chlorides: <0.5%, Sulfated Ash: <0.1%, Stock Concentration: 10mg/ml, Working Concentration: 20ug/ml, Storage and Stability: May be stored at RT. Stable for 12 months after receipt. , , Meets or exceeds USP Specifications