VEGF 165 (human), animal-free recombinant

Product Description: VEGF stands out as a potent cytokine, driving growth and angiogenesis. It fosters endothelial cell proliferation and survival, contributing significantly to angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Its expression in vascularized tissues plays a crucial role in both normal and abnormal angiogenesis. VEGF's involvement is notable in tumor metastasis induction and intraocular neovascular syndromes. VEGF signals through three receptors: fms-like tyrosine kinase (flt-1), the KDR gene product (with the murine equivalent being the flk-1 gene product), and the flt4 gene product. Recombinant Human VEGF165 is a 38.2 kDa, disulfide-linked homodimeric protein consisting of two 165 amino acid polypeptide chains. . Amino acid sequence: APMAEGGGQN HHEVVKFMDV YQRSYCHPIE TLVDIFQEYP DEIEYIFKPS CVPLMRCGGC CNDEGLECVP TEESNITMQI MRIKPHQGQH IGEMSFLQHN KCECRPKKDR ARQENPCGPC SERRKHLFVQ DPQTCKCSCK NTDSRCKARQ LELNERTCRC DKPRR. Endotoxin concentration: <0.1 EU/µg. Activity: Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using a concentration range of 1.0-8.0 ng/ml. Contains no preservative. Protein function: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development. Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor (PubMed:17446437). [The UniProt Consortium]