Tumor Necrosis Factor, active (TNF), Recombinant, Human

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). {ECO:0000269, PubMed:16829952, ECO:0000269, PubMed:22517918, ECO:0000269, PubMed:23396208}. The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. {ECO:0000269, PubMed:16829952}. Biological Activity: Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by a cytotoxicity assay using murine L929 cells is <0.05ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ?2x10e7IU/mg in the presence of actinomycin D. Sequence: MVRSSSRTPS DKPVAHVVAN PQAEGQLQWL NRRANALLAN GVELRDNQLV VPSEGLYLIY SQVLFKGQGC PSTHVLLTHT ISRIAVSYQT KVNLLSAIKS PCQRETPEGA EAKPWYEPIY LGGVFQLEKG DRLSAEINRP DYLDFAESGQ VYFGIIAL, Molecular Weight: 17.5kD, PubMed ID: 3555974, 6392892, 3883195, 2995927, 3856324, 3932069, 8499947, 10202016, 14656967, 15489334, 8631363, 8597870, 10205166, 2009860, 1402651, 9034191, 10e369255, 16829952, 16829951, 22517918, 23396208, 2922050, 1964681, 2551905, 9488135, 9442056, 12746914, 12915457, Gene Name: TNF, TNFA, TNFSF2, Swiss Prot: P01375, Storage and Stability: Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20°C. Stable for 12 months at -20°C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20°C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.