TNF alpha, human recombinant

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFSF2, TNF alpha) is a member of the TNF Superfamily. TNF alpha, being an endogenous pyrogen, is able to induce fever, to induce apoptotic cell death, to induce sepsis (through IL-1 & IL-6 production), to induce cachexia, induce inflammation, and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Human TNF alpha Recombinant Protein is purified TNF alpha (TNFSF2) produced in yeast. Protein function: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). [The UniProt Consortium]