IL10 / Interleukin-10 Protein (recombinant human)

Activity: 1.Immobilized human IL10 at 10 µg/mL (100 µl/well) can bind Cynomolgus IL10RA-Fc, The EC50 of Cynomolgus IL10RA-Fc is 0.24-0.56 µg/mL.2. Measured in a cell proliferation assay using MC/9-2 mouse mast cells.The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.2-1.2 ng/mL. Protein Construction: A DNA sequence encoding human IL10 (NP_000563.1) (Ser 19-Asn 178) was expressed. Sequence: Ser 19-Asn 178. Endotoxin: Please contact us for more information. Apparent Molecular Mass: 18 kDa. Protein function: IL-10 is a anti-inflammatory cytokine which belongs to the IL-10 family. It is produced by a variety of cell lines, including T-cells, macrophages, mast cells and other cell types, while it is produced primarily by monocytes and to a lesser extent by lymphocytes. IL-10 is mainly expressed in monocytes and Type 2 T helper cells (TH2), mast cells, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, and also in a certain subset of activated T cells and B cells. IL-10 has pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It down-regulates the expression of Th1 cytokines, MHC class II Ags, and costimulatory molecules on macrophages. It also enhances B cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production. IL-10 can block NF-kappa B activity, and is involved in the regulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Knockout studies in mice suggested the function of this cytokine as an essential immunoregulator in the intestinal tract. The importance of interleukin 10 for counteracting excessive immunity in the human body is re Protein function: Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2- mediated phosphorylation of STAT3 (PubMed:16982608). In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators (PubMed:18025162). Targets antigen- presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha (PubMed:1940799, PubMed:7512027, PubMed:11564774). Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their ability to induce T cell activation (PubMed:8144879). In addition, controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling. [The UniProt Consortium]