IGF-2 (human), animal-free recombinant

IGFs, or insulin-like growth factors, are polypeptide growth factors known for their ability to stimulate the proliferation and survival of various cell types, including those found in muscle, bone, and cartilage tissue when studied in vitro. They are primarily synthesized in the liver, though various tissues produce them at specific times. Belonging to the Insulin gene family, which also includes insulin and relaxin, IGFs share structural and functional similarities with insulin but exhibit significantly greater growth-promoting activity. IGF-II expression is influenced by placenta lactogen, while growth hormone regulates IGF-I expression. Both IGF-I and IGF-II signal through the tyrosine kinase type I receptor (IGF-IR), though IGF-II can also utilize the IGF-II/Mannose-6-phosphate receptor pathway. Mature IGFs are formed through proteolytic processing of inactive precursor proteins, which contain N-terminal and C-terminal propeptide regions. Recombinant Human IGF-I and IGF-II are globular proteins composed of 70 and 67 amino acids, respectively, and each contains three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. The calculated molecular weight of Recombinant Human IGF-II is 7.5 kDa. Product Specifications Species Human Published Species Human, Mouse, Rat, Salamander Expression System E.coli Amino Acid Sequence AYRPSETLCG GELVDTLQFV CGDRGFYFSR PASRVSRRSR GIVEECCFRS CDLALLETYC ATPAKSE Molecular Weight 7.5 kDa Class Recombinant Type Protein Purity > 98% by SDS-PAGE gel and HPLC analyses. Endotoxin Concentration <0.1 EU/µg Activity The ED50 was determined by a cell proliferation assay using FDC-P1 cells is = 2.0 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5 x 105 units/mg. Conjugate Unconjugated Form Lyophilized Contains No Preservative Storage -20°C CAUTION For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.Protein function: The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. Major fetal growth hormone in mammals. Plays a key role in regulating fetoplacental development. IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen. Also involved in tissue differentiation. In adults, involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver (Probable). Acts as a ligand for integrin which is required for IGF2 signaling (PubMed:28873464). Positively regulates myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 function by facilitating the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators, thereby controlling muscle terminal differentiation. Inhibits myoblast differentiation and modulates metabolism via increasing the mitochondrial respiration rate. [The UniProt Consortium]