Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4), human, recombinant

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human). Source: Yeast. Expression Region: 2-399aa. Protein Length: Full Length of Mature Protein. Tag Info: N-terminal 6xHis-GST-tagged. Target Protein Sequence: AAPSPSGGGG SGGGSGSGTP GPVGSPAPGH PAVSSMQGKR KALKLNFANP PFKSTARFTL NPNPTGVQNP HIERLRTHSI ESSGKLKISP EQHWDFTAED LKDLGEIGRG AYGSVNKMVH KPSGQIMAVK RIRSTVDEKE QKQLLMDLDV VMRSSDCPYI VQFYGALFRE GDCWICMELM STSFDKFYKY VYSVLDDVIP EEILGKITLA TVKALNHLKE NLKIIHRDIK PSNILLDRSG NIKLCDFGIS GQLVDSIAKT RDAGCRPYMA PERIDPSASR QGYDVRSDVW SLGITLYELA TGRFPYPKWN SVFDQLTQVV KGDPPQLSNS EEREFSPSFI NFVNLCLTKD ESKRPKYKEL LKHPFILMYE ERAVEVACYV CKILDQMPAT PSSPMYVD. Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin: Not test. Biological Activity: n/a. Form: Liquid or Lyophilized powder. Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0. Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20 °C/-80 °C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference. Storage: The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. Notes: Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4 °C for up to one week. Relevance: Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylation site in the Thr-Pro-Tyr motif. MAP2K4 shows preference for phosphorylation of the Tyr residue and MAP2K7/MKK7 for the Thr residue. The phosphorylation of the Thr residue by MAP2K7/MKK7 seems to be the prerequisite for JNK activation at least in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, while other stimuli activate both MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which synergistically phosphorylate JNKs. MAP2K4 is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway is also involved in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis. Whereas MAP2K7/MKK7 exclusively activates JNKs, MAP2K4/MKK4 additionally activates the p38 MAPKs MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14. Reference: "Identification of a dual specificity kinase that activates the Jun kinases and p38-Mpk2." Lin A., Minden A., Martinetto H., Claret F.-X., Lange-Carter C., Mercurio F., Johnson G.L., Karin M. Science 268:286-290(1995). Function: nan