Oleacein

Oleacein is a secoiridoid polyphenol that has been found in O. europea and has diverse biological activities. It inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO, IC50 = 2 µM for the human enzyme). Oleacein (20 and 50 µM) reduces lipid accumulation and inhibits the transition into foam cells in human monocyte-derived macrophages. It decreases lipid accumulation and levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and fatty acid synthase (FASN), as well as increases adiponectin levels, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In vivo, oleacein (20 mg/kg) reduces macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration in abdominal fat tissue and adipocyte size in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity. Oleacein also delays disease onset and progression in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). InChI: InChI=1S/C17H20O6/c1-2-13(11-19)14(5-7-18)10-17(22)23-8-6-12-3-4-15(20)16(21)9-12/h2-4,7,9,11,14,20-21H,5-6,8,10H2,1H3/b13-2-/t14-/m0/s1, InChIKey: XLPXUPOZUYGVPD-VMPILDALSA-N, SMILES: O=CC[C@H](/C(C=O)=C\C)CC(OCCC1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1)=O