Pioglitazone hydrochloride

Pioglitazone hydrochloride is a proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist (EC50 = ~500-600nM for both human and murine PPARgamma) and thiazolidinedione (TZD) anti-diabetic. Pioglitazone is a selective agonist of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and to a lesser extent PPAR-alpha. Pioglitazone hydrochloride is usually used to treat type-II diabetes in vivo and has the ability to block hepatic gluconeogenesis. Pioglitazone inhibits pyruvate oxidation and glucose production in hepatocytes when used at a concentration of 10 µM. In vivo, pioglitazone (0.3-3mg/kg per day) reduces hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperinsulinemia in a dose-dependent manner in male Wistar fatty rats. It shos also anti-inflammatory and anti-arteriosclerosis effects.