Cornuside

Description: 1. Cornuside (Comuside) has immunomodulatory activity . 2. Cornuside suppresses expression levels of cytokine-induced proinflammatory and adhesion molecules in the human endothelial cells. 3. Cornuside can treat myocardial I/R and protect the liver from CCl4-induced acute hepatotoxicity, by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammatory responses. 4. Cornuside has anti-inflammatory activity by downregulations of iNOS and COX-2 due to NF-kappaB inhibition as well as the negative regulation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2 phosphorylations in RAW 264.7 cells. 5. Cornuside has protective potential against cerebral ischemic injury, may be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca(2+) elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvements in mitochondrial energy metabolism and antioxidant properties. Target: NF-kappaB, p38 MAPK, ERK, JNK. Smiles: COC(=O)C1=CO[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](C=C)[C@@H]1CCOC(=O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1. References: Choi Y H , Jin G Y , Li G Z , et al. Cornuside Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Mediators by Inhibiting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activation in RAW 264.7 Macrophages[J]. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2011, 34(7):959-966.