Verrucarin A is a macrocyclic trichothecene that has been found in M. verrucaria and has diverse biological activities. It induces apoptosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cells when used at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 ng/ml. Verrucarin A enhances...

Description: Verrucarin A (Muconomycin A) is a Type D macrocyclic mycotoxin. Verrucarin A (VA), derived from the pathogen fungus Myrothecium verrucaria, is a protein synthesis inhibitor that inhibits the growth of leukemia cell lines and activates caspases, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling in macrophages. It...