Ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 (ATG3), human, recombinant

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human). Source: E.coli. Expression Region: 1-314aa. Protein Length: Full Length. Tag Info: N-terminal 6xHis-SUMO-tagged. Target Protein Sequence: MQNVINTVKG KALEVAEYLT PVLKESKFKE TGVITPEEFV AAGDHLVHHC PTWQWATGEE LKVKAYLPTG KQFLVTKNVP CYKRCKQMEY SDELEAIIEE DDGDGGWVDT YHNTGITGIT EAVKEITLEN KDNIRLQDCS ALCEEEEDED EGEAADMEEY EESGLLETDE ATLDTRKIVE ACKAKTDAGG EDAILQTRTY DLYITYDKYY QTPRLWLFGY DEQRQPLTVE HMYEDISQDH VKKTVTIENH PHLPPPPMCS VHPCRHAEVM KKIIETVAEG GGELGVHMYL LIFLKFVQAV IPTIEYDYTR HFTM. Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin: Not test. Biological Activity: n/a. Form: Liquid or Lyophilized powder. Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0. Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20 °C/-80 °C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference. Storage: The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20 °C/-80 °C. Notes: Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4 °C for up to one week. Relevance: E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the mbrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by roving OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway. Reference: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.Bienvenut W.V., Sumpton D., Martinez A., Lilla S., Espagne C., Meinnel T., Giglione C.Mol. Cell. Proteomics 11:M111.015131-M111.015131(2012). Function: E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway.