Lysophosphatidylcholine

Lysophosphatidylcholines are produced by hydrolysis of the fatty acid of phosphatidylcholine (PC, Cay-24343, Cay-24370) at either the sn-1 or sn-2 position by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) or by lecithin-cholesterol acyltranferase (LCAT), which transfers the fatty acid to cholesterol. Lysophosphatidylcholine has effects on a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, T lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages among others. It is a major phospholipid component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and it accumulates in animal models of atherosclerosis. Lysophosphatidylcholine also has pro-inflammatory properties through its activation and modulation of various signaling pathways, including the ERK pathway as well as through protein tyrosine kinase and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction. It is released from apoptotic cells in vitro following caspase-3 activation of the calcium-independent PLA2 and acts as a chemoattractant for monocytes. Lysophosphatidylcholine (2 µl, 1%) injected into the caudal cerebellar peduncle of rats induces demyelination of axons in vivo, which are extensively remyelinated by oligodendrocytes six weeks following injection. This product contains lysophosphatidylcholine molecular species with primarily C16:0 fatty acyl chain lengths acylated to the sn-1 position. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1046]CAS Number: 9008-30-4. Synonyms: Lyso-Lecithins. Molecular Formula: C24H50NO7P (for palmitoyl). Formula Weight: 495.6. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A solid. Solubility: Chloroform:Methanol (2:1): 2:1. SMILES: O[C@@H](COP(OCC[N+](C)(C)C)([O-])=O)COC([R])=O.