Tormentic Acid

Tormentic acid is a triterpene that has been found in P. frutescens and has diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidative, and antidiabetic properties. It reduces hydrogen peroxide-induced increases in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase (NOX1), as well as the production of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (RVSMCs) when used at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 µM. Tormentic acid (25 and 50 µM) decreases hydrogen peroxide-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RVSMCs. It reduces ear edema induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA, Cay-10008014) in mice (ID50 = 0.03 mg/ear). Topical application of tormentic acid (1.7 nmol) reduces the number of papillomas formed per mouse in a DMBA-TPA two-stage model of mouse skin carcinogenesis. It also reduces increases in blood glucose, insulin, and leptin levels, as well as hepatic triglyceride levels, in mice fed a high-fat diet in a model of diabetes and hyperlipidemia when administered at doses of 60 and 120 mg/kg per day.Formal Name: (2alpha,3beta)-2,3,19-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid. CAS Number: 13850-16-3. Synonyms: Tormentolic Acid. Molecular Formula: C30H48O5. Formula Weight: 488.7. Purity: >95%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: DMSO: soluble. SMILES: CC1(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3([H])CC=C4[C@]5([H])[C@@](O)(C)[C@H](C)CC[C@]5(C(O)=O)CC[C@@]4(C)[C@]3(C)CC[C@]21[H]. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C30H48O5/c1-17-10-13-30(24(33)34)15-14-27(5)18(22(30)29(17,7)35)8-9-21-26(4)16-19(31)23(32)25(2,3)20(26)11-12-28(21,27)6/h8,17,19-23,31-32,35H,9-16H2,1-7H3,(H,33,34)/t17-,19-,20+,21-,22-,23+,26+,27-,28-,29-,30+/m1/s1. InChi Key: OXVUXGFZHDKYLS-BLIWDXROSA-N.