Sanguinarine chloride hydrate

Sanguinarine chloride is a quaternary ammonium benzophenanthine alkaloid found in traditional herbs such as Chelidonium, Corydalis, Sanguinarum, and Borovula. It has been proven to possess broad-spectrum biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiosteoporosis, neuroprotective, immune regulatory, cardiovascular, antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasitic activities. Sanguinarine chloride is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), selective over PP1, PP2A and PP2B in vitro. It inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), JNK, MAPK, NF-kB, STAT3, MMP-2, MMP-9 and other kinases. Sanguinarine chloride blocks cell cycle in the G1 phase, stimulates apoptosis via induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupts the microtubule assembly and causes DNA damage resulting the death of the cancer cells.