Budesonide

Budesonide is a glucocorticoid and an agonist of glucocorticoid receptors (EC50=45.7pM in a transactivation assay), selective for glucocorticoid over mineralocorticoid receptors. Budesonide is a synthetic anti-inflammatory agent that displays chemopreventive activity. It is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of asthma, rhinitis and inflammatory bowel disease and is evaluated in prevention of lung cancer. It prevents formation of lung adenomas and adenocarcinomas in mice following inhalation or oral administration. It also reverses DNA hypomethylation and modulates expression of cancer related genes. Due to its potent activity, as an inhaled glucocorticoid, in reducing airway inflammation, Budesonide has potential as treatment for early COVID-19 infection. In vitro studies have shown that inhaled glucocorticoids can reduce the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in airway epithelial cells and downregulate the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes, which are critical for viral cell entry. Budesonide in combination with glycopyrronium and formoterol has been shown to inhibit viral replication of the coronavirus HCoV-229E, by inhibiting receptor expression and/or endosomal function. Appearance: White to off-white powder. Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (25mg/ml), DMF (20mg/ml) or ethanol (10mg/ml). Identity: Determined by 1H-NMR. InChi Key: VOVIALXJUBGFJZ-KWVAZRHASA-N Smiles: O=C(CO)[C@]12[C@@]3(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]4([H])[C@@]([C@]3([H])C[C@H]1OC(CCC)O2)([H])CCC5=CC(C=C[C@@]54C)=O