Agmatine (sulfate)

Agmatine is a metabolite formed during polyamine biosynthesis with diverse biological activities. Agmatine is released from and taken up by synaptosomes, demonstrating neurotransmitter-like activity. It binds to human adrenergic receptors (ARs) and imidazoline (I) receptors (Kis = 46.98, 164.4, 26.3, and 74.4 µM for alpha2A-, alpha2B-, and alpha2c-ARs and I2b, respectively). Agmatine acts as an antagonist of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) in a voltage- and concentration-dependent manner in primary rat hippocampal neurons and antagonizes nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in intact chick retina at 1 mM., It is an antagonist of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT3 in mouse N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells (IC50 = 141 µM) and blocks ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in a concentration-dependent manner in mouse islets of Langerhans beta-cells., Agmatine competitively inhibits neuronal, macrophage, endothelial, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS, Kis = 660, 220, 7,500, and 260 µM, respectively) and irreversibly inactivates neuronal NOS in the presence of calmodulin (Ki = 29 µM). In vivo, agmatine (10 mg/kg) lowers the ED50 value by 5.2- and 4.7-fold for morphine (Cay-ISO60147) and [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE), respectively, in mice in a tail flick assay. It increases the nephron filtration rate when microperfused into the urinary space of rats, an effect that is reversed by the non-selective NOS inhibitor L-NG-monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA, Cay-80200, 10005031).Formal Name: N-(4-aminobutyl)-guanidine, monosulfate. CAS Number: 2482-00-0. Synonyms: NIH 11035. Molecular Formula: C5H14N4 . H2SO4. Formula Weight: 228.3. Purity: >98%. Formulation: (Request formulation change), A crystalline solid. Solubility: PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml. SMILES: NC(NCCCCN)=N.O=S(O)(O)=O. InChi Code: InChI=1S/C5H14N4.H2O4S/c6-3-1-2-4-9-5(7)8,1-5(2,3)4/h1-4,6H2,(H4,7,8,9),(H2,1,2,3,4). InChi Key: PTAYFGHRDOMJGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N.