6-Amino-DL-luciferin

This is the racemic mixture containing both the D- and L-enantiomers of 6-amino-luciferin. While the D-enantiomer is active with firefly luciferase, the L-enantiome is less active. This amino analog of the common D-luciferin substrate is used in measuring firefly luciferase activity. The cell permeable reagent can be used when considering design of proluminescent bioconjugates (peptidase substrates) of luciferin for ultrasensitive luminescent assays. In bioluminescent protease assays peptides or amino acids are conjugated to the luciferin analog 6-amino-D-luciferin. These substrates are useful for ultrasensitive analysis of a variety of protease enzymes including various caspases and cathepsins, chymotrypsin, trypsin, elastase, kallikrein, thrombin, ficin, bromoalain, plasmin, papain, ficin and many others or even for use in vivo tracing of luciferase transfected cells in living tissues. The resulting bioluminescence spectrum of reaction of 6-Amino-D-luciferin is very similar to that observed for the natural substrate D-luciferin. Peptidase assays using a bioluminogenic substrate can be easily adapted to 96-well formats for HTS-based assays. Using this principle, it is possible to design an assay to detect almost any peptidase or protease activity via bioluminescence by using a substrate with a suitable peptide sequence. Applications in pathogen detection, discovery of protease inhibitors, probing cell physiology and assessing protease activity in oncogenesis are possible at extraordinary sensitivity.