VERO Cells

Categories: Monkey cell lines Description: VERO cells are widely used in developing vaccines, in the study of viral infections or malaria, and in tumor immunology and immunotherapy studies. VERO cells were derived from the kidney of an African green monkey in the 1960s by a group of Japanese scientists at Chiba University in Japan. One of the critical characteristics of VERO cells is their rapid growth rate, with a population doubling time of approximately 24 hours. This, combined with their stability and high viral titers, makes them an ideal choice for vaccine production. As a prominent example, a Vero cell-derived vaccine for Japanese encephalitis is widely used and licensed in many countries worldwide. Vero cells were pivotal in the development of vaccines for a plethora of infectious diseases, including the rubella virus, Ross River virus, herpes simplex virus, measles virus, and poliovirus. Vero cells are renowned for their capacity for virus production, growth, and maintenance under optimized culture conditions, making them an invaluable resource in viral vaccine production. The role of Vero cells extends to the generation of viral vectors, crucial for both vaccine development and tissue engineering applications, and virus isolation. Different VERO cell lines, such as Vero 76 and the subclone Vero E6, offer unique characteristics suited to various research and production needs. Vero 76 cells are known for their robust growth and are widely used in vaccine production due to their high virus yield capabilities. Vero E6, on the other hand, exhibits specific properties that make it particularly useful for studying certain viruses, including enhanced sensitivity to the Ebola virus and SARS-CoV-2. This subclone's unique interaction with viruses makes it valuable for viral pathogenesis studies and antiviral drug screening. Organism: Chlorocebus sabaeus (Green monkey) Tissue: Kidney Synonyms: Vero, VeroCCL81, Vero 81, Verda reno Age: Adult Gender: Female Morphology: Epithelial-like Growth Properties: Monolayer, adherent Citation: VERO (Cytion catalog number 605372) Biosafety Level: 1 Ncbi_ Taxid: 60711.0 Cellosaurus Accession: CVCL_0059 Receptors Expressed: Despite not being interferon deficient, VERO cell line possesses the interferon-alpha/beta receptor, allowing them to respond normally when recombinant interferon is added to their culture medium. Viruses: Verotoxin detection of virus in ground beef Virus Susceptibility: Poliovirus 1, 2, 3, Getah, Ndumu, Pixuna, Ross River, Semliki Forest, Paramaribo, Kokobera, Modoc, Murutucu, Germiston, Guaroa, Pongola, Tacaribe, SV-5, SV40, rubeola, rubellavirus, reovirus 1, 2, 3, simian adenoviruses Reverse Transcriptase: Negative Mutational Profile: Vero cells have a homozygous 9-Mb deletion on chromosome 12 that results in loss of the type I interferon gene cluster and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN2A and CDKN2B. Culture Medium: DMEM:Ham's F12 (1:1), w: 3.1 g/L Glucose, w: 2.5 mM L-Glutamine, w: 15 mM HEPES, w: 0.5 mM Sodium pyruvate, w: 1.2 g/L NaHCO3 (Cytion article number 820400a) Supplements: Supplement the medium with 10% FBS Dissociation Reagent: Accutase Subculturing: Remove the old medium from the adherent cells and wash them with PBS that lacks calcium and magnesium. For T25 flasks, use 3-5 ml of PBS, and for T75 flasks, use 5-10 ml. Then, cover the cells completely with Accutase, using 1-2 ml for T25 flasks and 2.5 ml for T75 flasks. Let the cells incubate at room temperature for 8-10 minutes to detach them. After incubation, gently mix the cells with 10 ml of medium to resuspend them, then centrifuge at 300xg for 3 minutes. Discard the supernatant, resuspend the cells in fresh medium, and transfer them into new flasks that already contain fresh medium. Seeding Density: 1 x 104 cells/cm2 Fluid Renewal: 2 to 3 times per week Freeze Medium: As a cryopreservation medium, use complete growth medium (including FBS) + 10% DMSO for adequate post-thaw viability, or CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100), which includes optimized osmoprotectants and metabolic stabilizers to enhance recovery and reduce cryo-induced stress. Thawing And Culturing Cells: Confirm that the vial remains deeply frozen upon delivery, as cells are shipped on dry ice to maintain optimal temperatures during transit. Upon receipt, either store the cryovial immediately at temperatures below -150°C to ensure the preservation of cellular integrity, or proceed to step 3 if immediate culturing is required. For immediate culturing, swiftly thaw the vial by immersing it in a 37°C water bath with clean water and an antimicrobial agent, agitating gently for 40-60 seconds until a small ice clump remains. Perform all subsequent steps under sterile conditions in a flow hood, disinfecting the cryovial with 70% ethanol before opening. Carefully open the disinfected vial and transfer the cell suspension into a 15 ml centrifuge tube containing 8 ml of room-temperature culture medium, mixing gently. Centrifuge the mixture at 300 x g for 3 minutes to separate the cells and carefully discard the supernatant containing residual freezing medium. Gently resuspend the cell pellet in 10 ml of fresh culture medium. For adherent cells, divide the suspension between two T25 culture flasks, for suspension cultures, transfer all the medium into one T25 flask to promote effective cell interaction and growth. Adhere to established subculture protocols for continued growth and maintenance of the cell line, ensuring reliable experimental outcomes. Sterility: Mycoplasma contamination is excluded using both PCR-based assays and luminescence-based mycoplasma detection methods. To ensure there is no bacterial, fungal, or yeast contamination, cell cultures are subjected to daily visual inspections. Required Documentation: A CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) certificate is required to export this article to your country. CITES oversees trade in specific species globally to ensure their protection and sustainability. Our company, as the exporter, will handle the CITES certificate application on your behalf. The process typically takes 2-4 weeks and incurs a fee of 350?. Safety Precautions: When planning to store a cryovial in liquid nitrogen for future thawing, it is mandatory to adhere to stringent safety measures. Appropriate protective gloves and clothing are essential, and the use of a face mask or safety goggles is required during the transfer of frozen samples to or from the liquid nitrogen tank. This is to mitigate the risk of injury from potential cryovial explosions upon removal, which can result in the projection of sharp fragments. Disclaimer: Our cells are provided for in vitro laboratory research purposes exclusively and are not intended for clinical or diagnostic use, nor are they to be administered to humans or used for veterinary purposes. Users must adhere to all applicable guidelines and regulations for the handling and use of these cells in a research setting. Warranty: We stand by the promise of delivering products with high cell viability and robust culture performance. To achieve the best results, please make sure you follow the storage and culture instructions detailed in the product information sheet closely. Your adherence to these guidelines is key to success. Certificate Of Analysis: The certificate of analysis can be requested on the website or via email at info@cytion.com. Please indicate the lot number of your product in the email. Subject To Material Transfer Agreements: If you intend to use Cytion cell lines solely for internal research at a single research site, please complete and sign our Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) and submit it along with your order.For any commercial applications - including but not limited to fee-for-service work, quality control testing, product release, diagnostic use, or regulatory studies - please complete the Intended Use Form so we can prepare a suitable agreement tailored to your project.Please note: The MTA applies only to certain cell lines. If this notice and the MTA document appear on a product page, the agreement is applicable. For cell lines not covered by the MTA, no reference to the agreement will be shown. The MTA is not valid for customers in the Americas, China, or Taiwan. Please contact our U.S. entity to receive the appropriate agreement. Required Product 1: 820400a Required Product 3: 860015.0 Required Product 4: 830100.0