P19 Cells

Categories: Mouse cell lines Description: The P19 cell line, a type of pluripotent embryonal carcinoma, was initially obtained from a teratocarcinoma in a C3H/He strain mouse. This epithelial-like cell line exhibits the capability to clone at high proficiency when grown in a medium infused with 0.1mM beta-mercaptoethanol. A notable feature of P19 cells is their adaptability to differentiate into neuronal and glial cells when exposed to retinoic acid. Simultaneously, they have the potential to transform into cardiac and skeletal muscle when exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). When subjected to both retinoic acid and DMSO, they predominantly show characteristics of retinoic acid-induced differentiation. The P19 cell line has its origin in the mouse (Mus musculus) and belongs to the broad classification of Eukaryota, Animalia, Metazoa, Chordata, Vertebrata, and Tetrapod. The cells embody the morphology of an epithelial tissue type derived from the embryo and are associated with the disease teratocarcinoma. They are primarily utilized in 3D cell culture applications within the product category of animal cells. While cancer cells pose a significant health threat due to their rapid and aggressive growth, they also offer an invaluable resource for researchers studying cancer cell development and seeking more targeted treatments. In 1982, the P19 cell line was created when a 7.5-day mouse embryo was transplanted into a testis to induce tumour growth by McBurney and Rogers. They successfully isolated cell cultures from the primary tumour containing undifferentiated stem cells, termed embryonal carcinoma P19 cells. These cells demonstrated rapid growth without the need for feeder cells and were easy to maintain. Subsequent injection into blastocysts of another mouse strain confirmed the multipotency of P19 cells, as tissues from all three germ layers grew in the recipient mouse. Several subtype cell lines have been derived from the original P19 cells, including P19S18, P19D3, P19RAC65, and P19C16. Each of these subtypes possesses unique differentiation capabilities into neuronal cells or muscle cells when treated with retinoic acid or DMSO, respectively. More recent studies have generated cell lines derived from differentiated P19 cells, which, owing to the pluripotency of P19 cells, can transform into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm-like cells. P19 cells are known for their sustained growth in serum-supplemented media. Their differentiation can be effectively controlled using nontoxic drugs such as retinoic acid, leading to the development of neurons, astroglia, and microglia. On the other hand, aggregates of P19 cells exposed to DMSO differentiate into endodermal and mesodermal derivatives, including cardiac and skeletal muscle. P19 cells are also amenable to transfection with DNA encoding recombinant genes, and stable lines expressing these genes can be conveniently isolated. This malleability and versatility make P19 cells an excellent resource for exploring the molecular mechanisms that govern the developmental decisions of differentiating pluripotent cells. Organism: Mouse Tissue: Testis Disease: Teratocarcinoma Synonyms: P-19 Breed: C3H/He Gender: Male Morphology: Fibroblast-like Growth Properties: Adherent Citation: P19 (Cytion catalog number 400416) Biosafety Level: 1 Ncbi_ Taxid: 10090.0 Cellosaurus Accession: CVCL_2153 Karyotype: n = 40, xY Culture Medium: DMEM:Ham's F12 (1:1), w: 3.1 g/L Glucose, w: 2.5 mM L-Glutamine, w: 15 mM HEPES, w: 0.5 mM Sodium pyruvate, w: 1.2 g/L NaHCO3 (Cytion article number 820400a) Supplements: Supplement the medium with 10% FBS Dissociation Reagent: Accutase Subculturing: Remove medium and rinse the adherent cells using PBS without calcium and magnesium (3-5 ml PBS for T25, 5-10ml for T75 cell culture flasks). Add TrypleExpress (1-2ml per T25, 2.5ml per T75 cell culture flask), the cell sheet must be covered completely. Incubate at 37 degree Celsius for 10 minutes. Carefully resuspend the cells, the addition of medium is optional but not necessary, and dispense into new flasks which contain fresh medium. Do not allow the cells to remain confluent. Subculture at least every 48 hours. Seeding Density: Subculture at least every 48 hours Fluid Renewal: Every 2 days Freeze Medium: As a cryopreservation medium, use complete growth medium (including FBS) + 10% DMSO for adequate post-thaw viability, or CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100), which includes optimized osmoprotectants and metabolic stabilizers to enhance recovery and reduce cryo-induced stress. Thawing And Culturing Cells: Confirm that the vial remains deeply frozen upon delivery, as cells are shipped on dry ice to maintain optimal temperatures during transit. Upon receipt, either store the cryovial immediately at temperatures below -150°C to ensure the preservation of cellular integrity, or proceed to step 3 if immediate culturing is required. For immediate culturing, swiftly thaw the vial by immersing it in a 37°C water bath with clean water and an antimicrobial agent, agitating gently for 40-60 seconds until a small ice clump remains. Perform all subsequent steps under sterile conditions in a flow hood, disinfecting the cryovial with 70% ethanol before opening. Carefully open the disinfected vial and transfer the cell suspension into a 15 ml centrifuge tube containing 8 ml of room-temperature culture medium, mixing gently. Centrifuge the mixture at 300 x g for 3 minutes to separate the cells and carefully discard the supernatant containing residual freezing medium. Gently resuspend the cell pellet in 10 ml of fresh culture medium. For adherent cells, divide the suspension between two T25 culture flasks, for suspension cultures, transfer all the medium into one T25 flask to promote effective cell interaction and growth. Adhere to established subculture protocols for continued growth and maintenance of the cell line, ensuring reliable experimental outcomes. Sterility: Mycoplasma contamination is excluded using both PCR-based assays and luminescence-based mycoplasma detection methods. To ensure there is no bacterial, fungal, or yeast contamination, cell cultures are subjected to daily visual inspections. Safety Precautions: When planning to store a cryovial in liquid nitrogen for future thawing, it is mandatory to adhere to stringent safety measures. Appropriate protective gloves and clothing are essential, and the use of a face mask or safety goggles is required during the transfer of frozen samples to or from the liquid nitrogen tank. This is to mitigate the risk of injury from potential cryovial explosions upon removal, which can result in the projection of sharp fragments. Disclaimer: Our cells are provided for in vitro laboratory research purposes exclusively and are not intended for clinical or diagnostic use, nor are they to be administered to humans or used for veterinary purposes. Users must adhere to all applicable guidelines and regulations for the handling and use of these cells in a research setting. Warranty: We stand by the promise of delivering products with high cell viability and robust culture performance. To achieve the best results, please make sure you follow the storage and culture instructions detailed in the product information sheet closely. Your adherence to these guidelines is key to success. Certificate Of Analysis: The certificate of analysis can be requested on the website or via email at info@cytion.com. Please indicate the lot number of your product in the email. Subject To Material Transfer Agreements: If you intend to use Cytion cell lines solely for internal research at a single research site, please complete and sign our Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) and submit it along with your order.For any commercial applications - including but not limited to fee-for-service work, quality control testing, product release, diagnostic use, or regulatory studies - please complete the Intended Use Form so we can prepare a suitable agreement tailored to your project.Please note: The MTA applies only to certain cell lines. If this notice and the MTA document appear on a product page, the agreement is applicable. For cell lines not covered by the MTA, no reference to the agreement will be shown. The MTA is not valid for customers in the Americas, China, or Taiwan. Please contact our U.S. entity to receive the appropriate agreement. Required Product 1: 820400a Required Product 3: 860015.0 Required Product 4: 830100.0