Mouse EIF2aK3 (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Alpha Kinase 3) ELISA Kit

The test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse EIF2aK3. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Mouse EIF2aK3. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Mouse EIF2aK3, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Mouse EIF2aK3 in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve. Protein Function: Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) in response to various stress, such as unfolded protein response (UPR) (PubMed:10882126, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:11430819, PubMed:11997520, PubMed:14978030, PubMed:16418533, PubMed:17998206, PubMed:21954288, PubMed:23921556, PubMed:9930704). Key effector of the integrated stress response (ISR) to unfolded proteins: EIF2AK3/PERK specifically recognizes and binds misfolded proteins, leading to its activation and EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:16418533, PubMed:17998206, PubMed:21954288, PubMed:23921556, PubMed:29386355, PubMed:9930704). EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a global attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming (PubMed:10882126, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:11430819, PubMed:11997520, PubMed:23921556). The EIF2AK3/PERK-mediated unfolded protein response increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by promoting ATF4-mediated expression of COX7A2L/SCAF1, thereby increasing formation of respiratory chain supercomplexes (PubMed:31023583). In contrast to most subcellular compartments, mitochondria are protected from the EIF2AK3/PERK-mediated unfolded protein response due to EIF2AK3/PERK inhibition by ATAD3A at mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites (By similarity). In addition to EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha, also phosphorylates NFE2L2/NRF2 in response to stress, promoting release of NFE2L2/NRF2 from the BCR(KEAP1) complex, leading to nuclear accumulation and activation of NFE2L2/NRF2 (PubMed:14517290, PubMed:14978030). Serves as a critical effector of unfolded protein response (UPR)-induced G1 growth arrest due to the loss of cyclin-D1 (CCND1) (PubMed:11035797). Involved in control of mitochondrial morphology and function (PubMed:23921556) [The Uniprot Consortium]